References: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/RemoveOldKernels
http://blog.dustinkirkland.com/2016/06/purge-old-kernels.html
http://www.webupd8.org/2016/07/how-to-safely-remove-old-linux-kernels.html
My current running kernel:
|
1 2 |
teddy@teddy-K43SJ:~$ uname -r 4.4.0-62-generic |
List of all kernel I have:
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 |
teddy@teddy-K43SJ:~$ dpkg -l | tail -n +6 | grep -E 'linux-image-[0-9]+' | grep -Fv $(uname -r) ii linux-image-3.13.0-100-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-100.147~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-101-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-101.148~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-103-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-103.150~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-106-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-106.153~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-107-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-107.154~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-108-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-108.155~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-76-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-76.120~ppa2 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-77-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-77.121~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-79-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-79.123~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-83-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-83.127~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-85-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-85.129~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-86-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-86.131~ppa2 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-87-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-87.133~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-88-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-88.135~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-91-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-91.138~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-92-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-92.139~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-93-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-93.140~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-95-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-95.142~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-96-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-96.143~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-98-generic-tuxonice 3.13.0-98.145~ppa1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-25-generic 3.19.0-25.26~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-43-generic 3.19.0-43.49~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-47-generic 3.19.0-47.53~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-49-generic 3.19.0-49.55~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-51-generic 3.19.0-51.58~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-56-generic 3.19.0-56.62~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-58-generic 3.19.0-58.64~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-59-generic 3.19.0-59.66~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-61-generic 3.19.0-61.69~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-64-generic 3.19.0-64.72~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-65-generic 3.19.0-65.73~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-66-generic 3.19.0-66.74~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-68-generic 3.19.0-68.76~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-69-generic 3.19.0-69.77~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-71-generic 3.19.0-71.79~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-73-generic 3.19.0-73.81~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-74-generic 3.19.0-74.82~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-75-generic 3.19.0-75.83~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-77-generic 3.19.0-77.85~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-78-generic 3.19.0-78.86~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-79-generic 3.19.0-79.87~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.19.0-80-generic 3.19.0-80.88~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-4.4.0-34-generic 4.4.0-34.53~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-4.4.0-36-generic 4.4.0-36.55~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-4.4.0-38-generic 4.4.0-38.57~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-4.4.0-42-generic 4.4.0-42.62~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-4.4.0-45-generic 4.4.0-45.66~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-4.4.0-47-generic 4.4.0-47.68~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-4.4.0-51-generic 4.4.0-51.72~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-4.4.0-53-generic 4.4.0-53.74~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-4.4.0-57-generic 4.4.0-57.78~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-4.4.0-59-generic 4.4.0-59.80~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP |
Oh man. My machine still keep the kernel 3.xx.xx. It’s already version 4.4.x now! I need to remove the old ones. I got this command ‘sudo purge-old-kernels’ can remove them. The website says:
“purge-old-kernels will remove old kernel and header packages from the system, freeing disk space. It will never remove the currently running kernel. By default, it will keep at least the latest 2 kernels, but the user can override that value using the –keep parameter. Any additional parameters will be passed directly to apt-get(8).”
But first update my system and install ‘bikeshed’
|
1 2 |
teddy@teddy-K43SJ:~$ sudo apt-get update teddy@teddy-K43SJ:~$ sudo apt-get install bikeshed |
then run ‘sudo purge-old-kernels’ command! (NOTE: READ THE KERNELS LISTED FIRST BEFORE TYPING ‘Y’ TO DELETE THEM! BE CAREFUL! CREATE A BACKUP FIRST!!!)
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 |
teddy@teddy-K43SJ:~$ sudo purge-old-kernels Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages will be REMOVED: linux-generic-lts-vivid* linux-headers-3.13.0-100-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-101-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-103-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-106-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-107-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-76-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-77-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-79-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-83-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-85-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-86-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-87-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-88-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-91-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-92-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-93-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-95-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-96-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.13.0-98-generic-tuxonice* linux-headers-3.19.0-25-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-43-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-47-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-49-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-51-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-56-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-58-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-59-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-61-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-64-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-65-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-66-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-68-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-69-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-71-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-73-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-74-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-75-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-77-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-78-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-79-generic* linux-headers-3.19.0-80-generic* linux-headers-4.4.0-34-generic* linux-headers-4.4.0-36-generic* linux-headers-4.4.0-38-generic* linux-headers-4.4.0-42-generic* linux-headers-4.4.0-45-generic* linux-headers-4.4.0-47-generic* linux-headers-4.4.0-51-generic* linux-headers-4.4.0-53-generic* linux-headers-4.4.0-57-generic* linux-headers-4.4.0-59-generic* linux-headers-generic-lts-vivid* linux-image-3.13.0-100-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-101-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-103-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-106-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-107-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-76-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-77-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-79-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-83-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-85-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-86-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-87-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-88-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-91-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-92-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-93-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-95-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-96-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.13.0-98-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-3.19.0-25-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-43-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-47-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-49-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-51-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-56-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-58-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-59-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-61-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-64-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-65-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-66-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-68-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-69-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-71-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-73-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-74-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-75-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-77-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-78-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-79-generic* linux-image-3.19.0-80-generic* linux-image-4.4.0-34-generic* linux-image-4.4.0-36-generic* linux-image-4.4.0-38-generic* linux-image-4.4.0-42-generic* linux-image-4.4.0-45-generic* linux-image-4.4.0-47-generic* linux-image-4.4.0-51-generic* linux-image-4.4.0-53-generic* linux-image-4.4.0-57-generic* linux-image-4.4.0-59-generic* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-100-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-101-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-103-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-106-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-107-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-77-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-79-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-83-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-85-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-86-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-87-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-88-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-91-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-92-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-93-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-95-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-96-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.13.0-98-generic-tuxonice* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-43-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-47-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-49-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-51-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-56-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-58-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-59-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-61-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-64-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-65-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-66-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-68-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-69-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-71-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-73-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-74-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-75-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-77-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-78-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-79-generic* linux-image-extra-3.19.0-80-generic* linux-image-extra-4.4.0-36-generic* linux-image-extra-4.4.0-38-generic* linux-image-extra-4.4.0-42-generic* linux-image-extra-4.4.0-45-generic* linux-image-extra-4.4.0-47-generic* linux-image-extra-4.4.0-51-generic* linux-image-extra-4.4.0-53-generic* linux-image-extra-4.4.0-57-generic* linux-image-extra-4.4.0-59-generic* linux-image-generic-lts-vivid* 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 153 to remove and 0 not upgraded. After this operation, 10,7 GB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] |
THE LAST KERNEL WOULD BE REMOVED IS ‘4.4.0-59’. My current kernel version is ‘4.4.0-62’. IT SAID WOULD FREE MY DISK SPACE FOR 10.7 GB!!!
IF YOU SURE, TYPE ‘Y’. HERE IS THE LAST PROCESS I CAN CAPTURE
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 |
... done Purging configuration files for linux-image-extra-4.4.0-59-generic (4.4.0-59.80~14.04.1) ... Removing linux-image-4.4.0-59-generic (4.4.0-59.80~14.04.1) ... Examining /etc/kernel/prerm.d. run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/prerm.d/dkms 4.4.0-59-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-59-generic dkms: removing: bbswitch 0.7 (4.4.0-59-generic) (x86_64) -------- Uninstall Beginning -------- Module: bbswitch Version: 0.7 Kernel: 4.4.0-59-generic (x86_64) ------------------------------------- Status: Before uninstall, this module version was ACTIVE on this kernel. bbswitch.ko: - Uninstallation - Deleting from: /lib/modules/4.4.0-59-generic/updates/dkms/ - Original module - No original module was found for this module on this kernel. - Use the dkms install command to reinstall any previous module version. depmod.... DKMS: uninstall completed. dkms: removing: nvidia-367 367.57 (4.4.0-59-generic) (x86_64) -------- Uninstall Beginning -------- Module: nvidia-367 Version: 367.57 Kernel: 4.4.0-59-generic (x86_64) ------------------------------------- Status: Before uninstall, this module version was ACTIVE on this kernel. nvidia_367.ko: - Uninstallation - Deleting from: /lib/modules/4.4.0-59-generic/updates/dkms/ - Original module - No original module was found for this module on this kernel. - Use the dkms install command to reinstall any previous module version. nvidia_367_modeset.ko: - Uninstallation - Deleting from: /lib/modules/4.4.0-59-generic/updates/dkms/ - Original module - No original module was found for this module on this kernel. - Use the dkms install command to reinstall any previous module version. nvidia_367_drm.ko: - Uninstallation - Deleting from: /lib/modules/4.4.0-59-generic/updates/dkms/ - Original module - No original module was found for this module on this kernel. - Use the dkms install command to reinstall any previous module version. nvidia_367_uvm.ko: - Uninstallation - Deleting from: /lib/modules/4.4.0-59-generic/updates/dkms/ - Original module - No original module was found for this module on this kernel. - Use the dkms install command to reinstall any previous module version. depmod.... DKMS: uninstall completed. Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d . run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-59-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-59-generic update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-59-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 4.4.0-59-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-59-generic Generating grub configuration file ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-62-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-62-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-108-generic-tuxonice Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-108-generic-tuxonice Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.elf Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin Found Windows 10 (loader) on /dev/sda1 Found Windows 10 (loader) on /dev/sdb1 Found Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS (12.04) on /dev/sdb6 Found Windows 10 (loader) on /dev/sda1 Found Windows 10 (loader) on /dev/sdb1 Found Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS (12.04) on /dev/sdb6 done Purging configuration files for linux-image-4.4.0-59-generic (4.4.0-59.80~14.04.1) ... Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d . run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-59-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-59-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 4.4.0-59-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-59-generic dpkg: warning: while removing linux-image-4.4.0-59-generic, directory '/lib/modules/4.4.0-59-generic' not empty so not removed |
OK. NOW My disk space is 16.8GB FROM 3.5GB!
RUN UPDATE AFTER THE PROCESS IS FINISHED. RESTART IF NEEDED.